In this tutorial, you will learn about the various operators available in C++. An operator is a symbol that tell the compiler to perform certain operation on variables. Let’s consider the following six categories of operators:<\/p>\n
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These are operators used to perform arithmetic operations. For example if x = 10 and y = 20, then the table below show the results of various arithmetic operators<\/p>\n
| Operator<\/th>\n | Brief Description<\/th>\n | Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Addition (+)<\/td>\n | Adds two operands<\/td>\n | x + y will give 30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subtraction(-)<\/td>\n | Subtracts second operand from the first<\/td>\n | x – y will give -10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Multiplication(*)<\/td>\n | Multiplies both operands<\/td>\n | x * y will give 200<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Division(\/)<\/td>\n | Divides numerator by de-numerator<\/td>\n | y \/ x will give 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modulus(%)<\/td>\n | Gives remainder of after an integer division<\/td>\n | y % x will give 0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increment(++)<\/td>\n | Increases integer value by one<\/td>\n | x++ will give 11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Decrement(–)<\/td>\n | Decreases integer value by one<\/td>\n | x– will give 9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n 2. Relational Operators<\/strong><\/h4>\nOperator<\/th>\n | Brief Description<\/th>\n | Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ==<\/td>\n | Checks whether the values of two operands are equal, if yes then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x == y) is not true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | !=<\/td>\n | Checks whether the values of two operands are equal, if values are not equal then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x != y) is true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ><\/td>\n | Checks whether the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if so, then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x > y) is not true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | <<\/td>\n | Checks whether the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if so, then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x < y) is true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | >=<\/td>\n | Checks whether the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, if so then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x >= y) is not true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | <=<\/td>\n | Checks whether the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x <= y) is true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n | <\/p>\n 3. Logical Operators<\/strong><\/h4>\nOperator<\/th>\n | Brief Description<\/th>\n | Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | Logical AND(&&)<\/td>\n | If both of the operands are non-zero, then the condition becomes true.<\/td>\n | (x && y) is false.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Logical OR(||)<\/td>\n | If any of the two operands is non-zero, then condition evaluates to true.<\/td>\n | (x || y) is true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | :Logical NOT(!)<\/td>\n | Use to negate the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then the operator will make it false.<\/td>\n | !(x && y) is true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n | <\/p>\n 4. Bitwise Operators<\/strong><\/h4>\nOperator<\/th>\n | Brief Description<\/th>\n | Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary AND(&)<\/td>\n | copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands.<\/td>\n | (x & y) will give 12 which is 0000 1100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary OR(|)<\/td>\n | copies a bit if it exists in either operand.<\/td>\n | (x | y) will give 61 which is 0011 1101<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary XOR(^)<\/td>\n | copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both.<\/td>\n | (x ^ y) will give 49 which is 0011 0001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary 1s complement(~)<\/td>\n | a unary and has the effect of ‘flipping’ bits.<\/td>\n | (~x ) will give -61 which is 1100 0011 in 2’s complement form due to a signed binary number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary Left Shift(<<)<\/td>\n | shifts the left operands value left by the number of bits specified by the right operand.<\/td>\n | x << 2 will give 240 which is 1111 0000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Binary Right Shift(>>)<\/td>\n | shifts the left operands value right by the number of bits specified by the right operand.<\/td>\n | x >> 2 will give 15 which is 0000 1111<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n | <\/p>\n 5. Assignment Operators<\/strong><\/h4>\nOperator<\/th>\n | Brief Description<\/th>\n | Example<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | Simple Assignment(=)<\/td>\n | assigns values from right side operands to left side operand.<\/td>\n | z = x + y will assign value of x + y into z<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Add AND Assignment(+=)<\/td>\n | adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand.<\/td>\n | z += x is equivalent to z = z + x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Subtract AND Assignment(-=)<\/td>\n | subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand.<\/td>\n | z -= x is equivalent to z = z – x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Multiply AND Assignment(*=)<\/td>\n | multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand.<\/td>\n | z *= x is equivalent to z = z * x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Divide AND Assignment(\/=)<\/td>\n | divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand.<\/td>\n | z \/= x is equivalent to z = z \/ x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Modulus AND Assignment(%=)<\/td>\n | \u00a0takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand.<\/td>\n | z %= x is equivalent to z = z % x<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Left Shift AND Assignment(<<=)<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | z <<= 2 is same as z = z << 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Right Shift AND Assignment(>>=)<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | z >>= 2 is same as z = z >> 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Bitwise AND Assignment(&=)<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | z &= 2 is same as z = z & 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Bitwise XOR Assignment(^=)<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | z ^= 2 is same as z = z ^ 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | Bitwise OR Assignment(|=)<\/td>\n | <\/td>\n | z |= 2 is same as z = z | 2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n | <\/p>\n 6. Other Operators<\/strong><\/h4>\nSN<\/th>\n | Operator\u00a0 and Description<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | 1<\/td>\n | sizeof operator<\/b><\/p>\n | returns the size of a variable. For instance, sizeof(x), where \u2018x\u2019 is integer, and will return 4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 2<\/td>\n | Conditional operator(a ? b : c<\/b><\/p>\n | If a is true then it returns value of b else, returns value of c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 3<\/td>\n | Comma (,)<\/b><\/p>\n | causes a sequence of operations to be performed. The value of the entire expression becomes the value of the last expression of the comma-separated list.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 4<\/td>\n | Member operators . (dot) and -> (arrow)<\/b><\/p>\n | they are used to reference individual members of classes, structures, and unions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n 5<\/td>\n | Casting operators<\/b><\/p>\n | |